How does the presence of illness commonly affect insulin requirements?

The presence of illness is known to commonly increase insulin requirements in individuals with diabetes. This phenomenon occurs primarily because stress hormones, such as cortisol and adrenaline, are released in response to illness. These hormones contribute to insulin resistance, causing the body's cells to be less responsive to insulin. As a result, the body may require more insulin to effectively manage blood glucose levels.

In addition, during illness, the body tends to produce more glucose to meet increased energy demands, which can further elevate blood sugar levels. Consequently, those with diabetes may need to adjust their insulin doses upwards to compensate for these physiological changes and maintain optimal blood sugar control.

Recognizing this correlation is critical for managing diabetes during episodes of illness, as inadequate insulin administration can lead to hyperglycemia and other complications. Adjusting insulin requirements appropriately helps ensure that blood glucose levels remain stable despite the challenges presented by illness.