What induces Wernicke's (Korsakoff's) Syndrome?

Wernicke's (Korsakoff's) Syndrome is primarily induced by a Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) deficiency, which often arises in patients with prolonged excessive alcohol consumption. Thiamine is crucial for carbohydrate metabolism and the proper functioning of the nervous system. A deficiency can lead to neurological symptoms, including confusion, ataxia, and ophthalmoplegia, which characterizes Wernicke's Encephalopathy, the acute phase of the syndrome. If not treated with intravenous thiamine promptly, this condition can progress to Korsakoff's syndrome, leading to long-term cognitive deficits and memory dysfunction. Recognizing the vital role of thiamine in brain health underlines the importance of adequate nutritional status, especially in individuals with substance use disorders.