Which diseases require airborne precautions?

The correct answer emphasizes the importance of airborne precautions for specific diseases that are transmitted through very small airborne particles. These pathogens can remain suspended in the air for extended periods and can be inhaled by individuals who are not in close contact with the infected person.

Tuberculosis, for example, is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the lungs and is highly contagious when the infected person coughs or sneezes. Measles is a viral infection that can spread through the air even after the infected person has left the area. Varicella, commonly known as chickenpox, is also spread through airborne transmission when infectious droplets are released into the air.

Implementing airborne precautions is crucial to prevent the spread of these infections. This includes the use of specialized masks, such as N95 respirators, and ensuring that infected patients are placed in negative pressure rooms where the air does not circulate with the rest of the facility.

Understanding airborne transmission helps in effective infection control measures, protecting both healthcare workers and other patients from highly contagious illnesses.