Withdrawal from a downer may lead to which physiological outcome?

Withdrawal from a downer, such as a benzodiazepine or alcohol, typically results in increased anxiety. Downers, also known as central nervous system (CNS) depressants, work by enhancing the effects of neurotransmitters like gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) that promote relaxation and calmness. When an individual stops using these substances, their body can experience a rebound effect; the reduction in CNS depressant activity can lead to heightened anxiety levels as the nervous system becomes hypersensitive.

During withdrawal, individuals may also experience a range of other symptoms such as increased heart rate, tremors, and agitation. The increase in anxiety can be particularly distressing and may be experienced as an overwhelming sense of panic, restlessness, or irritability. Understanding this physiological response is crucial for nurses and healthcare providers to effectively manage and support individuals undergoing withdrawal from downers.